The term "microbiome" encompasses a diverse range of microbes, including bacteria, fungi, and viruses, influencing human health. While extensive studies have explored microbiomes in the digestive system and on the skin, less attention has been given to the reproductive systems, especially in men. A recent study by the UCLA team sheds light on a particular microbe, Lactobacillus iners, and its direct negative impact on sperm motility, a crucial factor affecting fertility.
Lactobacillus iners, commonly known for causing bacterial vaginosis in women, is the predominant bacteria in the female genital microbiome. The study, published in Scientific Reports, reveals that this microbe can hamper sperm motility, although the exact link remains elusive. Earlier research suggests that Lactobacillus iners produces L-lactic acid, a less common type of lactic acid, which may lead to localized inflammation, ultimately affecting sperm motility.
In addition to Lactobacillus iners, the research uncovered the presence of three types of bacteria from the Pseudomonas group, a prevalent bacterial type, in patients with both normal and abnormal sperm concentrations. Notably, Pseudomonas fluorescens and Pseudomonas stutzeri were more prevalent in patients with abnormal sperm concentrations, while Pseudomonas putida was less common in samples with abnormal sperm concentrations.
This finding underscores the nuanced impact that closely-related microbes can have on human health, emphasizing that not all bacteria present in semen will necessarily influence fertility.
Lead author Dr. Vadim Osadchiy emphasized, "There is much more to explore regarding the microbiome and its connection to male infertility. However, these findings provide valuable insights that can guide us toward a deeper understanding of this correlation." He highlighted the need for further comprehensive investigations to unravel the complex relationship between the semen microbiome and fertility.
As global fertility rates decline, factors such as poor diet and lifestyles are also believed to contribute to men's health issues. The UCLA study contributes crucial insights into the intricate world of male fertility, paving the way for future research to untangle the complexities of the relationship between microbiomes and reproductive health.
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